B.Sc.-B.Ed.(Part-1) 2019 Cell Biology Genetic and Plant Breeding

             Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Shekhawati University

                    B.Sc.-B.Ed.(Part-1)  2019

                                             

            BOTANY

             PAPER-1

                                                     Cell Biology Genetic and Plant Breeding           

                                           Unit - 1

•  Lysosome,
•  mitochondia, 
•  ribosome,
•  Plasma membrane,
•  nucleus, 
•  Golgi bobies and Endoplasmic Reticlume).
• chloroplast, 
•  perroxisomes,
• Cell orgenelles and Nuclear meterial: Untrastructures and fumctions of different cell orgenelles ( cell wall, Chromatin structure & Chromosome organization: eukaryotic and prokaryotic. Chromosome  morphology; specialized types of Chromosome  ( Sex Chromosome, lampbrush chromosome, poltene chromosome); transposons.

B.Sc.-B.Ed.(Part-1)  2019 Cell Biology Genetic and Plant Breeding

B.Sc.-B.Ed.(Part-1)  2019 Cell Biology Genetic and Plant Breeding

Unit- 2

• Cell  division: Cell cycle,
• chromosomal aberrations: Deletion, duplication, translation, inversion, Aneuploidy and polyploisy.
• exons and introns.
•  mitosis: stage, 
• Concept of Gene: Neurospora genetics; one gene one enzyme hypothesis;
• structure and function of spindle apparatus; anaphasic chromosome movement, 
• Meiosis: its sifferent stage- Meiosis 1, Meiosis 2, synaptonemal complex, chiasmata formation and crossing ove.
• Basic of genetic material: Griffith's transformation experiment and the Hershey and Chade blender experiment to demonstrate DNA as the genetic material.
• An idea about Prokaryotic and eukaryotic structure of gene - operon concept                  
•  Extra nunclear genone: mitochondrial and Chloreplast genome,
•  plasmids:                 

Unit - 3

• 
  
• Multiple allism ABO blood groups in men.
• Cytoplasmic inheritane : maternal influence,
• Genetic inheritance: Mendel's laws of inheritance and their exceptions; allelic ( incomplete and co-dominance, lethality) and non-allelic interations ( comlementary genes, epitasis and duplicate genes).
• Kapa particles in Paramaecime, 
• Quantitative inheritance : grain color in wheat,
• corolla lergth in Nicotiana tabacmn.
• Cytoplasmic inheritane : maternal influence,
• sell coiling in snails, 

B.Sc.-B.Ed.(Part-1)  2019 Cell Biology Genetic and Plant Breeding

Unit -4

• Famous Indian and international plant breeders and their contribution.
• Plant Breeding: Introduction and objectives of plants breeding,
•  cross-pollinated and vegetatively propagated crop plant Introduction and acclimazation, selections hybridization,
•  hybrid vigour and inbreeding depression. Role of mutation and polyploidy in plant breeding. 
•  general methordd of plant breeding in self-pollinated,
•  National and International agricultural reserch institutes.

B.Sc.-B.Ed.(Part-1)  2019 Cell Biology Genetic and Plant Breeding